Use functional analysis to identify intervention points in a substance-use craving episode.
Jamal reports a sudden craving after work and believes the only answer is more willpower. Functional analysis: antecedents -> behavior -> short-term consequence -> long-term consequence The common trap is treating craving as a character failure or a random emergency instead of a chain with earlier choice points. Antecedents List what happened before the craving: payroll conflict, skipped lunch, fatigue, route past the old dealer's block, and the thought that no one respects me. Antecedents include body state, context, people, places, thoughts, and emotions. The more concrete the list, the more places the plan can intervene. Behavior Name the behavior…
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