Identify primary, secondary, shadow, and affected audiences before shaping a message.
Principle: Audience analysis turns communication from information delivery into decision support. The Move Start with the audience's role in the communication lifecycle. Ask who drafts or shapes the message, who approves it, who must read and act, who will be affected later, and who may see it indirectly. Then decide what each group needs to understand, believe, or do. Why It Works The same facts create different questions for different audiences. A decision maker looks for risk and tradeoffs. A technical reviewer looks for accuracy and dependencies. An affected stakeholder looks for impact and fairness. Naming those differences before writing…
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