What Incoterms Leave for the Sale Contract
Identify gaps that Incoterms do not fill and route them to the right contract clause.
A buyer rejects a shipment for wrong voltage. The seller responds, "But we delivered DAP as agreed." Both statements can be true, which is exactly why the contract needs more than an Incoterms line. The ICC Incoterms rules work because they standardize a narrow but critical part of a goods sale: which party performs delivery-related tasks, bears delivery-related costs, and carries risk of loss or damage at a named point. That narrowness is the mechanism. It prevents teams in different countries from arguing from local habits, but it also means the term must be chosen with discipline. The rule does…
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