Recall a compact set of questions that pressure-test a business statistic.
battlecard What is the first question to ask when a slide makes a strong claim from one chart? Ask whether the chart is describing observed data, inferring beyond the sample, or asserting a cause. This one move separates evidence layers before the room treats them as interchangeable. When should you think “description” versus “inference”? If the claim goes beyond the observed rows, treat it as inference and ask what uncertainty is attached. What is the sampling question that most quickly exposes weak generalization? Who had a real chance to be in the sample, and who is missing? This catches coverage…
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