Rewrite a causal overclaim into a decision-ready evidence statement.
A board slide needs to move from persuasive to defensible. Before: a confident causal headline sits on one before-after trend. After: the slide separates observation, mechanism, rival explanations, and next test. The headline changes from caused to rose during until the comparison design supports causation. Confounders are named: layoffs, targets, and tool migration could explain the same trend. The action becomes a pilot with success metrics, not a permanent policy justified by one correlation. Make the claim only as strong as the design that produced it. evidence-calibrated reporting Practiced converting causal certainty into a testable plan. A board can handle…
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