Color Contrast and Visual Accessibility
Apply WCAG contrast ratio standards to ensure text and visual elements are readable for all users.
Color contrast is the difference in brightness and color between text and its background. WCAG 2.1 requires a minimum contrast ratio of 4.5:1 for normal text and 3:1 for large text (18pt or 14pt bold and larger). These ratios ensure readability for people with low vision, color blindness, and aging eyes, while benefiting everyone in bright sunlight or on poor-quality displays. Testing is straightforward using online contrast checkers. Never rely on color alone to convey information—a red button for errors and green for success excludes colorblind users. Always combine color with text labels, icons, or patterns.
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